Backport some changes done from Time Tracking feature in EE.

See merge request !7604

Grapify the users API

Certain endpoints return different entities based on which user issues the request. Right now, I am not aware how to specify multiple entities as part of the description block of the endpoint. @rymai Do you know something about that.

## What are the relevant issue numbers?

Related to #22928

See merge request !7147

Remove bashism from scripts/prepare_build.sh

Make `scripts/prepare_build.sh` an sh, rather than bash, script

Write once, run everywhere. Even alpine.

See merge request !7561

Add constraints to group id in routing

To prevent 404 when visit page like https://gitlab.com/groups/group.with.dot/activity

Fixes https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/24622

See merge request !7614

Add API endpoint for creating a pipeline

Fixes #23468

See merge request !7209

Allow to block JIRA events for commits and merge requests

implements #5541 

See merge request !7469

Remove unnecessary self from user model

self keyword nod needed. Code is more clean and understandable. https://github.com/bbatsov/ruby-style-guide#no-self-unless-required

See merge request !7551

Use build instead create in BroadcastMessage model spec

See merge request !7592

Signed-off-by: Dmitriy Zaporozhets <dmitriy.zaporozhets@gmail.com>

Fixes regression causing an error message to appear when user first enters the Merge Request form.

Closes #24627

See merge request !7599

Revert signin tab order fix.

The history: 

> 1. @sytses created this: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/23279
> 2. The fix was submitted here: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/6867
> 3. I [made](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/6867#note_16993324) the same observation you did after it was merged
4. A long discussion about accessibility and UX followed, and we decided to revert all changes (https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/23698).

## Screenshots (if relevant)

![2016-11-17_20.55.22](/uploads/c81b0bbe0cd08747124531778af6273f/2016-11-17_20.55.22.gif)

## Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

- [x] [Changelog entry](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/development/changelog.html) added
- [x] All builds are passing
- [x] Conform by the [merge request performance guides](http://docs.gitlab.com/ce/development/merge_request_performance_guidelines.html)
- [x] Conform by the [style guides](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#style-guides)
- [x] Branch has no merge conflicts with `master` (if it does - rebase it please)
- [x] [Squashed related commits together](https://git-scm.com/book/en/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History#Squashing-Commits)

## What are the relevant issue numbers?

Closes https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/23698

See merge request !7538

Remove duplicate sidekiq throttling parameters

Improves `db/schema` after merging https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/7015.

cc @grzesiek @filipa

See merge request !7603

Fix a typo in gitlab_flow.md ('munch'->'much')

See merge request !7595

Fix wrong link

Not a big one, just fix a wrong link to internal page.

See merge request !7597

Fix broken merge request widget spec

## What does this MR do?
Converts the invalid es6 syntax of the merge_request_widget_spec which is actually causing the spec not to run through teaspoon

## Are there points in the code the reviewer needs to double check?
None

## Why was this MR needed?
Get specs working again

## Screenshots (if relevant)
None

## Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

- [ ] [Changelog entry](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/development/changelog.html) added
- [ ] [Documentation created/updated](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/doc/development/doc_styleguide.md)
- [ ] API support added
- Tests
  - [ ] Added for this feature/bug
  - [ ] All builds are passing
- [ ] Conform by the [merge request performance guides](http://docs.gitlab.com/ce/development/merge_request_performance_guidelines.html)
- [ ] Conform by the [style guides](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#style-guides)
- [ ] Branch has no merge conflicts with `master` (if it does - rebase it please)
- [ ] [Squashed related commits together](https://git-scm.com/book/en/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History#Squashing-Commits)

## What are the relevant issue numbers?
Closes #24673

See merge request !7594

Resolve "Display "folders" for environments"

## What does this MR do?
Adds the ability to show the grouped environments inside "folders".
Adds several reusable vue components in order to accomplish the recursive tree data structure presented.

For the individual components, Jasmine tests were added.
For the ones that depend of an API response, rspec tests are used.


## Screenshots (if relevant)
![Screen_Shot_2016-11-16_at_02.00.13](/uploads/1278012c8639b999b53f080728d283e1/Screen_Shot_2016-11-16_at_02.00.13.png)
![Screen_Shot_2016-11-16_at_02.00.25](/uploads/a3d65416ddb553e1b8f0f4c8897a75dc/Screen_Shot_2016-11-16_at_02.00.25.png)
![Screen_Shot_2016-10-17_at_16.08.50](/uploads/af63efe1d2cbd5fc069408622ef4b607/Screen_Shot_2016-10-17_at_16.08.50.png)


![environments](/uploads/b5a1801766d82ab176fc60f96b6968cb/environments.gif)
## Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

- [x] [CHANGELOG](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md) entry added
- [ ] [Documentation created/updated](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/doc/development/doc_styleguide.md)
- [ ] API support added
- Tests
  - [x] Added for this feature/bug
  - [ ] All builds are passing
- [x] Conform by the [merge request performance guides](http://docs.gitlab.com/ce/development/merge_request_performance_guidelines.html)
- [x] Conform by the [style guides](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#style-guides)
- [x] Branch has no merge conflicts with `master` (if it does - rebase it please)
- [x] [Squashed related commits together](https://git-scm.com/book/en/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History#Squashing-Commits)

## What are the relevant issue numbers?
Closes #22539

See merge request !7015

Merge request !7163 caused an error message to appear on the Merge
Request form when it was first loaded by the user. This commit fixes
that regression bug.

Make job script a required configuration entry

## What does this MR do?

This MR makes a job script a required configuration entry.

## Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

- [x] [Changelog entry](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/development/changelog.html) added
- Tests
  - [x] Added for this feature/bug
  - [x] All builds are passing

## What are the relevant issue numbers?

Closes #24575

See merge request !7566

Fix pipeline author for Slack and use pipeline id for pipeline link

[Context](https://gitlab.slack.com/archives/runner-builds/p1479238493000018)

Pipeline Slack message:

>  gitlab-org/gitlab-ci-multi-runner: Pipeline 8bed2a3b of fix/handle-failed-state-while-patching-trace branch by  failed in 1389 seconds 

Quotes:

> @godfat Take a look at these notifications, they seems to be missing author and should probably use Pipeline ID instead of SHA

See merge request !7506

Fix faulty deployment refs

In the 8.13 RC cycle, so before the release, there was a time in which
references in git where stored by id instead of iid. This could be fixed
by time, if the iid catches up with the id, it overwrites it. But in the
mean time we have wrong refs in the folder.

This commit fixes that. For all projects we have deployments we'll find
the ones where the ref has a higher number than the iid is now and calls
`#create_ref` on the corresponding deployment.

Fixes gitlab-com/infrastructure#683

cc @ayufan 

One worry: I tested this locally, couldn't find a way to do automate this.

See merge request !7352

Add logging for rack attack events

Patch for issue: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/15612 and partial patch for https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/support/issues/119.

Also related: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/22527 

Adds logging for throttle and blacklist rack attack events to the production log.

@stanhu @MrChrisW

See merge request !7585

Fix typo in Build page JavaScript

## What does this MR do?

fixes #24614

See merge request !7563

Fix broken commit metadata loading for large repository trees

## What does this MR do?

Fixes a regression introduced in !7208 in which a call to `ajaxGet()` would fail when loading metadata for large repository trees.

This call produced no errors in the console because it is contained in a sort of `eval` block in jQuery.  This is an ugly, easily broken method for loading data asynchronously whose problems were exemplified by this issue.  I'm opening a separate issue (#24660) to alter this implementation.

## Why was this MR needed?

The failing AJAX call was causing metadata to stop loading, and the `timeago` functionality to stop running due to script failure.

## Screenshots (if relevant)

![Screen_Shot_2016-11-18_at_2.03.13_PM_copy](/uploads/ab0c11d5c405c01d8e45818b3ca96f23/Screen_Shot_2016-11-18_at_2.03.13_PM_copy.png)

## Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

- [ ] All builds are passing
- [ ] Branch has no merge conflicts with `master` (if it does - rebase it please)

## What are the relevant issue numbers?

Closes #24652

See merge request !7588